D-Glucuronolactone

Tier 3 — weak evidence · Energy · Detox · Liver support

A naturally occurring compound derived from glucose that participates in glucuronic acid conjugation — a key pathway in liver detoxification. Widely used in energy drinks at 600–2,400 mg per serving. At standalone therapeutic doses, limited data suggests liver-supportive and modest alertness-promoting effects, likely via synergy with taurine and caffeine rather than direct standalone action. Safety data as an isolated high-dose supplement is limited.

Dose: 400–1,200 mg/day, often combined with caffeine or taurine