Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)

Tier 2 — promising · Blood clotting · Bone health

The primary dietary form of vitamin K, essential for proper blood clotting and bone metabolism. Deficiency is uncommon but can occur with fat malabsorption, liver disease, or long-term antibiotic use. Works alongside vitamin D for bone health. If you take warfarin, keep your vitamin K intake consistent from day to day to avoid dose fluctuations.

Dose: 90–120 mcg/day (adequate intake); caution with warfarin — dose must be consistent